A Norwegian Ice Drift Experiment (ICEX) started in 1976 as part of a national contribution to the polar programmes under the Global Atmospheric Research Programme (GARP). The main aim of the experiment is to obtain information on an important climatic parameter: the export of ice from the Arctic Ocean through the Fram Strait. The project was reorganized in 1981, and became a joint programme between Norsk Polarinstitutt and Det norske meteorologiske institutt, also involving cooperation with the University of Washington's Arctic Ocean Buoy Program. An ICEX measuring capsule has been developed in cooperation with Chr. Michelsens Institutt, Bergen, (Vinje & Steinbakke 1976, Nergaard et al. 1985). The capsule operates effectively in the marginal sea ice areas where it may be subject to frequent ridging and sporadic drift in water. The buoys were deployed from a boat in a pilot project in 1975, from a Cessna 185 aircraft landing on the ice in 1976 and 1977, and they have been air-dropped by the Norwegian Air Force from 1978 onwards. Since 1981 data from the Norwegian buoys have been included in the Arctic Ocean Buoy Program data reports edited by the Polar Science Center, University of Washington. The present data report contains drift tracks and daily values of positions, air pressure (P) mb, air temperatures (TA) about 80 cm above the ice surface, and temperatures (TB) at the bottom of the ICEX capsule. The latter information indicates if the measuring capsule is on the ice or in the water. When free floating, (TB) gives the temperature about 40 cm below the sea surface. During the first five years of the experiment, the air pressure sensors were built at the Norwegian Meteorological Institute, based on an aneroid and a displacement transducer. Another Norwegian pressure transducer has been produced by Aanderaa Instruments. This is based on a silicon chip as sensing element. The Digiquarts pressure sensor from the US firm Paro Scientific has also been used since 1981. The sensor resolution is hetter than 0.1 mb, while the system resolution is 0.4 mb within the normal variation range of the meteorological variables. Series of comparisons in the field showed that the mean difference between the data obtained via Nimbus-6 and the readings on a test set was less than 0.1 mb (Vinje 1978). Later comparisons showed differences of about 1 mb (Vinje 1981). This was, however, well inside the FGGE requirements. The temperature is measured with a radiation shielded termistor. Fenwal UUA 3213. The system resolution is 0.2°C. The ventilation of the sensor is dependent upon the wind speed, and the sensor signal is also dependent upon the heating of the capsule. A series of comparisons in the field showed that the temperatures were correct within ±0.1 °C during conditions with normal ventilation (Vinje 1981). A comparison on Fram Ill (Thorndike et al. 1982) during part of April 1981 indicated temperatures as much as 1 °C - 2°C too high during the warmest part of each day. Otherwise the daily cycle was well resolved and the temperature readings from the ICEX buoy agreed well with the met observer's data. References ========= Nergaard, N., Vinje, T. & Finnekåsa, Ø. 1985: Report on ice buoys in theArctic and the Antarctic. Report No. 851129-1 from Chr. Michelsens institutt, Bergen. Thorndike, A. S., Colony, R. & Munoz, E. A. 1982: [Arctic Ocean Buoy Program. Data Report 1 January 1981 - 31 December 1981](http://iabp.apl.washington.edu/pdfs/AOBP1981Thorndike.pdf). Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle. Vinje, T. E. 1978: Weather and tide observations at Bouvetøya. Norsk Polarinstitutt [Skrifter 169](http://hdl.handle.net/11250/173571). Vinje, T. E. 1981: Meteorological observations from Bouvetøya. Norsk Polarinstitutt [Skrifter 175](http://hdl.handle.net/11250/173651). Vinje, T. E. & Steinbakke, P. 1976: Nimbus-6 located automatic stations in the Svalbard waters in 1975. [Norsk Polarinstitutt Årbok 1975](http://hdl.handle.net/11250/172804).

Temperature, salinity and other parameters from CTDs, and currents from ADCPs and single-point current meters, from moorings covering the Svalbard Branch of the Atlantic Water inflow over the upper slope north of Svalbard, Sep 2012 to Sep 2103.

Tidal glacier fronts in Svalbard are mapped using Landsat 8 orthorectified imagery. Fronts are determined for places where the ice is apparently in contact with seawater. This might not be 100% correct: there are some places where there may be sediment emerging, but if this can’t be seen clearly in the L8 image the glacier front is retained as being “in contact”, especially if it is only a short stretch.

Bearded seal biotelemetry data

Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes from sea ice measured using chambers

The dataset contains compiled records of sea ice meiofauna across the Arctic from 23 sources. This work is based on [State of the Arctic Marine Biodiversity Report](https://www.caff.is/marine/marine-monitoring-publications/state-of-the-arctic-marine-biodiversity-report/431-state-of-the-arctic-marine-biodiversity-report-full-report) (CAFF, 2017), by the Sea Ice Biota Expert Network of the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme (CBMP) of the Conservation of the Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF). **The dataset is compiled in following files**: - *Meiofauna_data_v2017-12-11.xlsx* contains all data in separate sheets. The information here is from the "Info" tab. - *Info.csv* contains the same information than listed here. - *Columns.csv:* Column explanation for datasheets. - *References.csv*: Reference list for the dataset. - *Original.csv*: Minimally modified non-transformed original data. Used only as a reference to the original data and in quality checks.Relative Ciliata and Rotifera abundances were transformed to estimated absolute abundances (see "Columns" sheet). Some entries, taxa, and ice-cores were removed due to unclarities. - *Transformed.csv:* Abundance values transformed to ind/m2 values. Ice-core sections not summed up. - *Compiled.csv:* Ice-core sections summed up for each ice-core. Used in the SAMB report. - *Cut10cm.csv:* Bering Sea, Barrow, and N-ICE data. Only bottom 10 cm of ice-cores are included. If all of bottom 10 cm was not available, less than that was included. Used in Fig 3, Fig 4 and Fig 6 in the Ecology & Evolution paper. Subset Sec == "bottom 10 cm" before usage for comparison purposes. Note that Fig 3 and 4 in the paper have been created after excluding all ice-core sections other than "bottom 10 cm". - *Article.all.csv:* All data (including RAW columns) for the manuscript. Note that GRAND SUM columns are derived from RAW columns (i.e. the dataset contains duplicates). Used in Table 2 in the Ecology & Evolution paper. This is the most comprehensive and checked dataset. - *Article.groups.csv:* Only GRAND SUM abundance columns for the manuscript. Used in Fig 1, Fig 5 and in some statistical tests in the Ecology & Evolution paper. - *Article.per.csv:* Percentage data by ice-core for GRAND SUM columns. Used in Fig 7 in the Ecology & Evolution paper. - *Wholecore.csv:* Data where the entire ice-core was sufficiently sectioned to enable examining depth distribution of taxa within ice-cores. Absolute values. - *Wholecore.grp.csv:* Same than "Wholecore.csv" but presents percentages for each ice-core by group. Used in Fig 2 in the Ecology & Evolution paper. If you are in doubt which dataset to pick, **use "Article_all.csv"**. This is the most comprehensive, checked and least summarized dataset.

Three data files associated with the manuscript "Aquatic behaviour of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in an increasingly ice-free Arctic". Data was collected by devices with a saltwater switch (and for diving, a pressure sensor) deployed on collars of female polar bears in Svalbard in 2005-2017. 1) Monthly_means.txt is a tab-separated text file with 818 records with the following columns: "id" (individual bear identifier), "month" (1-12), "year", "mean_proportion_wet" (monthly mean proportion of the time the collar recorded being submerged in water), "days" (length of recorded time this mean is based on, minimum 5 days), "reproductive_status" (whether the female had young of the year (c), yearlings (y), no cubs (n) in the preceeding april, or if this is not known (NA)), "offshore" (whether the bear made offshore excursions or not during their period of tracking). 2) Dive_depths.txt is a tab-separated text file with 51301 records with the following columns: "id" (individual bear identifier), "dtime" (timestamp, GMT), "swim_duration" (swim duration in seconds), "max_depth" (maximum recorded depth during a swim, in meters), "download_type" (if this record was transmitted over the ARGOS network (giving an unbiased sample of dives) or downloaded directly from a recovered collar (giving a complete record)). 3) Swimming_iceconc.txt is a tab-separated text file with 51301 records with the following columns: "id" (individual bear identifier), "dtime" (timestamp, GMT), "proportion_wet" (2 hour summary of proportion of time in water, centered on timestamp), "ice_concentration" (sea ice concentration in percent).

CTD data collected from RV Helmer Hansen on three cruises in 2014 (January, May, August), north-west of Svalbard

Diet datasets from Vihtakari, M., Welcker, J., Moe, B., Chastel, O., Tartu, S., Hop, H., Bech, C., Descamps, S., Gabrielsen, G.W., 2018. Black-legged kittiwakes as messengers of Atlantification in the Arctic. Sci. Rep. 8, 1178. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-19118-8 Includes wet weight (grams) and binary (presence/absence) kittiwake diet data from Kongsfjorden (1981-2016) together with explanatory variables and measurements of otoliths (width and length in millimeters) found from the diet samples. Data are organized in .csv files in tabular format. Binary diet data is "kittiwake_diet_bin.csv", wet weight data in "kittiwake_diet_ww.csv", explanatory variables in "explanatory_data.csv" and otolith data in "otolith_data.csv". Meta-data (i.e. column infomation) is given in "*_colnames.cvs" files for each dataset. Full diet species names can be found from "kittiwake_diet_colnames.csv".

API for oppslag av offisielle adresser i matrikkelen. Spørring skjer mot en distribusjonsdatabase av matrikkelen som normalt oppdateres daglig. Det er mulighet for å søke etter adresser tekstlig eller å søke etter adresser i nærheten til et punkt. Av kretsinformasjon på adresse er kun postkrets med (postnummer til vegadresser, - ikke postbokser). API-et er åpent og fritt tilgjengelig. API-et egner seg ikke for å hente ut komplette datasett. Hvis man ønsker å hente ned større datasett så anbefales det å laste ned filene som er tilgjengeliggjort via geonorge.no. Endringer ved API-et vil varsles på Geonorge Tjenestevarsler: https://www.geonorge.no/aktuelt/varsler/Tjenestevarsler/