A 2800-yr-long August sea surface temperature (aSST) record based on fossil diatom assemblages is generated from a marine sediment core from the northern subpolar North Atlantic. The record is compared with the aSST record from the Norwegian Sea to explore the variability of the aSST gradient between these areas during the late Holocene. The aSST records demonstrate the opposite climate tendencies toward a persistent warming in the core site in the subpolar North Atlantic and cooling in the Norwegian Sea. At the multicentennial scale of aSST variability of 600-900 yr, the records are nearly in antiphase with warmer (colder) periods in the subpolar North Atlantic corresponding to the colder (warmer) periods in the Norwegian Sea. At the shorter time scale of 200-450 yr, the records display a phase-locked behavior with a tendency for the positive aSST anomalies in the Norwegian Sea to lead, by ~30 yr, the negative aSST anomalies in the subpolar North Atlantic. This apparent aSST seesaw might have an effect on two major anomalies of the European climate of the past Millennium: Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). During the MWP warming of the sea surface in the Norwegian Sea occurred in parallel with cooling in the northern subpolar North Atlantic, whereas the opposite pattern emerged during the LIA. The results suggest that the observed aSST seesaw between the subpolar North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea could be a surface expression of the variability of the eastern and western branches of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) with a possible amplification through atmospheric feedback.

Locations for ringed seals and white whales in Svalbard, Norway

Satellite tracking data of fin whales from Svalbard

Ten day binned light-level logger location records for individual common and Brünnich’s guillemots used in the study "Individual migration strategy fidelity but no habitat specialization in two congeneric seabirds ". Raw data for publication. Ten day time steps are counted starting 1 July each year.

Satlantic ISUS nitrate sonde deployed with ship-borne Seabird CTD system

Marine biogeochemistry database with the following parameter groups * Pigments * Nutrients * Dissolved oxygen * Dissolved organic carbon & total dissolved nitrogen (DOC/TDN) * Particulate organic carbon & nitrogen (POC/PON)

Zooplankton taxonomy & abundance data sampled by Multinet and WP2 (200 micron & 64 micron mesh) and swim net (200 micron). The data is presented as abundance (ind/m3) for all identified mesozooplankton taxa.

Sea ice macrofauna comprises invertebrates (>2 mm) that live associated with or in sea ice. The dataset contains records of presence and absences and abundance data on sea ice macrofauna from the entire Arctic. The source of the data is published literature (peer-reviewed articles, public databases, grey literature) as well as unpublished records. For each record the data source, sample date, sample position and environmental background data (as far as available) is provided. The database includes data sampled between 1947-2012. This database is the product of a joined effort of the Sea Ice Expert Network within the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program.